Blockchain-based Trust, Transparent, Traceable Modeling on Learning Recognition System Kampus Merdeka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30812/matrik.v22i2.2780Keywords:
Blockchain, Kampus Merdeka, Learning Recognition System, Model, Smart ContractAbstract
Kampus Merdeka is an evolution of education in Indonesia that accommodates various changes. The existence of a mechanism that includes various actors in it makes Kampus Merdeka have many new outcomes which must be recognized by all stakeholders who need it. Blockchain technology and smart contract offer the ability to build trust between all actors in the Kampus Merdeka activities with their transparent nature and reliable, immutable data storage capabilities. Every stage that occurs in it can be traced from upstream to downstream. This study aims to design an architectural model of a blockchain system for the learning recognition system Kampus Merdeka. It uses the analytical
study to identify the possible problems and the stakeholders involved and design the model solution proposed. As a result, it proposed the type of blockchain and the most suitable architecture for use in the learning recognition system Kampus Merdeka. In this study, the blockchain model is proposed as a mechanism for identifying and recognizing learning outcomes in the Kampus Merdeka environment more securely, challenging to modify, and traceable by all parties to ensure the authenticity of the learning outcomes. Furthermore, it can be recognized by all parties in it.
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[2] N. Siregar, R. Sahirah, and A. A. Harahap, “Konsep Kampus Merdeka belajar di era revolusi industri 4.0,†Fitrah J. Islam. Educ., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 141–157, 2020.
[3] D. Sopiansyah, S. Masruroh, Q. Y. Zaqiah, and M. Erihadiana, “Konsep dan Implementasi Kurikulum MBKM (Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka),†Reslaj Relig. Educ. Soc. Laa Roiba J., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 34–41, 2022.
[4] A. Pieroni, N. Scarpato, L. Di Nunzio, F. Fallucchi, and M. Raso, “Smarter City: Smart energy grid based on Blockchain technology,†Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 298–306, 2018, doi: 10.18517/ijaseit.8.1.4954.
[5] I. Afrianto, T. Djatna, Y. Arkeman, I. Sukaesih Sitanggang, and I. Hermadi, “Disrupting Agro-industry Supply Chain in Indonesia with Blockchain Technology: Current and Future Challenges,†2020, doi: 10.1109/CITSM50537.2020.9268872.
[6] B. Bera, D. Chattaraj, and A. K. Das, “Designing secure blockchain-based access control scheme in IoT-enabled Internet of Drones deployment,†Comput. Commun., vol. 153, pp. 229–249, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2020.02.011.
[7] Y. Yuan and F. Y. Wang, “Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies: Model, Techniques, and Applications,†IEEE Trans. Syst. Man, Cybern. Syst., vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 1421–1428, 2018, doi: 10.1109/TSMC.2018.2854904.
[8] J. Mendling et al., “Blockchains for business process management-challenges and opportunities,†ACM Trans. Manag. Inf. Syst., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–16, 2018.
[9] S. Wang, L. Ouyang, Y. Yuan, X. Ni, X. Han, and F. Y. Wang, “Blockchain-Enabled Smart Contracts: Architecture, Applications, and Future Trends,†IEEE Trans. Syst. Man, Cybern. Syst., vol. 49, no. 11, pp. 2266–2277, 2019, doi: 10.1109/TSMC.2019.2895123.
[10] M. S. Farooq, M. Khan, and A. Abid, “A framework to make charity collection transparent and auditable using blockchain technology,†Comput. Electr. Eng., vol. 83, p. 106588, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2020.106588.
[11] M. Swan, “Chapter Five - Blockchain for Business: Next-Generation Enterprise Artificial Intelligence Systems,†in Blockchain Technology: Platforms, Tools and Use Cases, vol. 111, P. Raj and G. C. B. T.-A. in C. Deka, Eds. Elsevier, 2018, pp. 121–162.
[12] I. Permatasari, M. Essaid, H. Kim, and H. Ju, “Blockchain implementation to verify archives integrity on cilegon E-archive,†Appl. Sci., vol. 10, no. 7, p. 2621, 2020.
[13] I. Afrianto and Y. Heryanto, “Design and Implementation of Work Training Certificate Verification Based On Public Blockchain Platform,†in 2020 Fifth International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC), 2020, pp. 1–8.
[14] I. Afrianto, C. R. Moa, S. Atin, and I. Rosyidin, “Prototype Blockchain Based Smart Contract For Freelance Marketplace System,†in 2021 Sixth International Conference on Informatics and Computing (ICIC), 2021, pp. 1–8.
[15] Y. Xinyi, Z. Yi, and Y. He, “Technical Characteristics and Model of Blockchain,†pp. 562–566, 2018, doi: 10.1109/controlo.2018.8439793.
[16] M. Crosby, P. Pattanayak, S. Verma, and V. Kalyanaraman, “Blockchain technology: beyond bitcoin,†Appl. Innov. Rev., no. 2, pp. 6-10., 2016.
[17] A. Narayanan, J. Bonneau, E. Felten, A. Miller, and S. Goldfeder, Bitcoin and cryptocurrency technologies: a comprehensive introduction. Princeton University Press, 2016.
[18] T.-C. L. Iuon-Chang Lin, “A Survey of Blockchain Security Issues and Challenges,†Int. J. Netw. Secur., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 653–659, 2017.
[19] A. Karamchandani, S. K. Srivastava, and R. K. Srivastava, “Perception-based model for analyzing the impact of enterprise blockchain adoption on SCM in the Indian service industry,†Int. J. Inf. Manage., vol. 52, p. 102019, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.10.004.
[20] K. Christidis and M. Devetsikiotis, “Blockchains and Smart Contracts for the Internet of Things,†IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 2292–2303, 2016, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2566339.
[21] X. Li, P. Jiang, T. Chen, X. Luo, and Q. Wen, “A survey on the security of blockchain systems,†Futur. Gener. Comput. Syst., vol. 107, pp. 841–853, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2017.08.020.
[22] D. Tapscott and A. Tapscott, Blockchain revolution: how the technology behind bitcoin is changing money, business, and the world. Penguin, 2016.
[23] F. Idelberger, G. Governatori, R. Riveret, and G. Sartor, “Evaluation of logic-based smart contracts for blockchain systems,†in International symposium on rules and rule markup languages for the semantic web, 2016, pp. 167–183.
[24] W. Reijers, F. O’Brolcháin, and P. Haynes, “Governance in Blockchain Technologies & Social Contract Theories,†Ledger, vol. 1, pp. 134–151, 2016, doi: 10.5195/ledger.2016.62.
[25] D. Mao, F. Wang, Y. Wang, and Z. Hao, “Visual and User-Defined Smart Contract Designing System Based on Automatic Coding,†IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 73131–73143, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2920776.
[26] Y. Hu, T. Lee, D. Chatzopoulos, and P. Hui, “Analyzing smart contract interactions and contract level state consensus,†Concurr. Comput. Pract. Exp., vol. 32, no. 12, p. e5228, 2020.
[27] E. Simatupang and I. Yuhertiana, “Merdeka belajar Kampus Merdeka terhadap perubahan paradigma pembelajaran pada pendidikan tinggi: Sebuah tinjauan literatur,†J. Bisnis, Manajemen, Dan Ekon., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 30–38, 2021.
[28] A. Heryandi and I. Afrianto, “Online Diploma Supplement Information System Modelling for Indonesian Higher Education Institution,†in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019, vol. 662, no. 2, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/662/2/022092.
[29] I. Afrianto, T. Djatna, Y. Arkeman, I. Hermadi, and I. S. Sitanggang, “Block Chain Technology Architecture For Supply Chain Traceability Of Fisheries Products In Indonesia: Future Challenge,†J. Eng. Sci. Technol. Spec. Issue INCITEST2020, pp. 41–49, 2020.
[30] B. Ramamurthy, Blockchain in action. Manning Publications, 2020.
[31] I. Sarker and B. Datta, “Re-designing the pension business processes for achieving technology-driven reforms through blockchain adoption: A proposed architecture,†Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change, vol. 174, no. May 2020, p. 121059, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121059.
[32] C. G. Schmidt and S. M. Wagner, “Blockchain and supply chain relations: A transaction cost theory perspective,†J. Purch. Supply Manag., vol. 25, no. 4, p. 100552, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2019.100552.
[33] L. Meraviglia, “Technology and counterfeiting in the fashion industry: Friends or foes?,†Bus. Horiz., vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 467–475, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.01.013.
[34] K. Biswas, V. Muthukkumarasamy, and W. L. Tan, “Blockchain Based Wine Supply Chain Traceability System,†Proc. 2017 Futur. Technol. Conf., no. November, pp. 56–62, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321474197.
[35] L. Hang, I. Ullah, and D.-H. Kim, “A secure fish farm platform based on blockchain for agriculture data integrity,†Comput. Electron. Agric., vol. 170, p. 105251, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105251.
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2023-03-24
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[1]
I. Afrianto, A. Heryandi, and S. Atin, “Blockchain-based Trust, Transparent, Traceable Modeling on Learning Recognition System Kampus Merdeka”, MATRIK, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 339–352, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.30812/matrik.v22i2.2780.
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