Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) Using Antibiotic for Community Acquired Penumonia (CAP) Disease of Toddler

  • Fanny Dwi Febriyana Universitas Bumigora
  • Fitry Apriliany Universitas Bumigora
  • Muh. Isnaini Zuhri Universitas Bumigora
Keywords: ADRs, Antibiotik, Pneumonia

Abstract

Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation of the lung tissue so that the lung sacs are filled with infectious agents and are the main cause of infant mortality in the world. The initial therapy for pneumonia is the use of antibiotics. Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to ADRs. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) often cause obstacles in the implementation of treatment. The purpose of this study was to see how ADRs influence the use of antibiotics on the clinical outcomes of pneumonia patients. The method analytic observational study using a cross-sectional design which is carried out prospectively, by collecting data on inpatients. Data were obtained from interviews with patients and/or patient families using the Naranjo questionnaire, as well as searches of patient medical records during the period January - March 2023. Analysis of ADRs on the use of antibiotics on outcomes was analyzed by the Likelihood ratio. This study was dominated by patients aged <2 years (61.5%) with improved outcomes (97.15%). The results obtained showed that there was no significant relationship between ADRs using antibiotics and patient outcomes with a p>0.05 (p=0.798). The conclusion of this study is that there is no effect of ADRs using antibiotics on patient outcomes.

References

Aberg, J.A., Lacy, C.F, Amstrong, L.L, Goldman, M.P, and Lance, L.L., (2009), Drug Information Handbook, 17th edition, Lexi-Comp for the American Pharmacists Association.
Brooks, W. A. (2020). Bacterial Pneumonia. Hunter’s Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases, 446–453. doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-55512-8.00042-9
Fauzi.,Munadiyah,W., Fetri.,Lestari., Sri Peni Fitrianingsih. (2022). Studi Literature Kasus Drug Related Problems Kategori Adverse Drug Reactions pada Pasien Pediatrik. Bandung Conference Series: Pharmacy, 2(2): 1-4 .
Farida, Y., Trisna, A., & Nur, D. (2017). Study of Antibiotik Use on Pneumonia Patient in Surakarta Referral Hospital Studi Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Pneumonia di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Daerah Surakarta. Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research, 2(1), 44–52.
Feri Setiadi, Magdalena N.,Umi Salamah,Tengku Nadiah. (2021). Hubungan penggunaan antibiotik empiris terhadap outcome terapi pasien community acquired pneumonia (CAP) di RSUP Farmawati Jakarta. Media ilmu kesehatan , 10(3) : 261.
Gayatri, A. A. and Wildan, M. (2017). Profil Jumlah Leukosit Dan Suhu Tubuh Penderita Demam Tifoid Di RSUD Karanganyar. Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Insan, H. N., Darmawan, E., & Akrom, A. (2023). Evaluasi Terapi Antibiotik Pada Pasien Pneumonia Anak Rawat Inap Di Rumah Sakit. Jurnal Education And Development, 11(1), 523-527.
Indar Kumar S., Jitender S., Lesa D. (2016). Evaluasi Faktor Risiko yang berhubungan dengan Kejang Demam Episode Pertama. Journal of Clinal Diagnostic Research, 10(1) :10–13.
Khairunnisa, R., Hajrah, H., & Rusli, R. (2016). Profil penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien ISPA di beberapa puskesmas Kota Samarinda. Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences, 4(1): 316-321. ISO 690.
Kementrian Kesehatan Indonesia RI. (2018). Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Balitbang kemenkes RI.
Llor C, Bjerrum L. (2014). Antimicrobial resistance: risk associated with antibiotic overuse and initiatives to reduce the problem. Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety, 5(6):229-241. doi:10.1177/2042098614554919
Lovia, S., Sari, Y. O., Almasdy, D., & Amelin, F. (2019). Studi Kualitatif Pengetahuan Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) di Bangsal Rawat Inap Anak RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis, 6(2), 95-103.
Sholihah, Maratus, Suradi, Aphridasari, Jatu (2019). The Effects of Quercetinon Interleuikin (IL-8) Serum, %Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1), and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) Scores in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients. Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia. 39(2): 103-112.
Meriyani, H., Megawati, F., & Udayani, N. N. W. (2016). Efektivitas Terapi Pneumonia Pada Pasien Pediatrik Di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar Ditinjau Dari Parameter Respiration Rate. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento. 2(2) 65-69.
Monita, O., Yani, F. F., dan Lestari, Y., (2015). Profil Pasien Pneumonia Komunitas di Bagian Anak RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Kesehatan, 4(1) : 218-226. doi: 10.25077/jka.v4i1.225
Rachmawati, S., Masito, D.K., Rachmawati, E. (2020). Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Anak Rawat Inap di RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika, 6 (2): 212 –220.
Rudan I, Boschi-Pinto C, Biloglav Z, Mulholland K, Campbell H. (2008). Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 86:408–16.
Rusmini. (2016). Gambaran Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Pneumonia Dengan Menggunakan Metode Gyssens Di Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) H. Abdul Moeloek Tahun 2015. Jurnal Medika Malahayati, 3(2), 61–64.
Rumende, C. M., Chen, L. K., & Karuniawati, A. (2019). Hubungan Antara Ketepatan Pemberian Antibiotik Berdasarkan Alur Gyssens dengan Perbaikan Klinis Pasien pada Pneumonia Komunitas. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 6(2), 71-77.
Septiani V, Kartidjo P, Nurdiani FA. (2019). The Rationality of Antibiotics Use on Inpatient Department of Pediatric in One of the Hospital in Cimahi. Borneo Journal of Pharmacy, 2: 125–132.
Suci LN. (2020). Pendekatan diagnosis dan tatalaksana pneumonia pada anak. Jurnal Kedokteran Nanggroe Medika, 3(1):30–8.
Syamsul, D., Serbajadi, A., Iv, D., Sunggal, K., Serdang, K. D., & Utara, S. (2019). Pneumonia Di Puskesmas Induk Kota Binjai The Evaluation Of Rational Antibiotic Use In Non Pneumonia Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI ). Jurnal Dunia Farmasi. 3(3), 106–114.
Ulfa, C. F., Supadmi, W. O. R. O., Perwitasari, D. A., & Yuniarti, E. (2021). Hubungan Ketepatan Peresepan Antibiotik dengan Metode Gyssens dengan Perbaikan Klinis Pasien Rawat Inap Pneumonia Komunitas. Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 19(1), 30-8.
Utsman P, Karuniawati H. (2020). Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Balita Penderita Pneumonia Rawat Inap di RSUD “Y” di Kota “X” Tahun 2016. Pharmacon: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 17: 45–53.
Walker, C. L. F., Rudan, I., Liu, L., Nair, H., Theodoratou, E., Bhutta, Z. A., … Black, R. E. (2013). Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. The Lancet, 381(9875), 1405–1416. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60222-6
Wilar, R., & Wantania, M. (2019). Beberapa Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Episode Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut Pada Anak dan Dewasa dengan Penyakit Jantung Bawaan. Sari Pediatri Jurnal, 8(2), 154–158.
Published
2023-10-31