Biocity Journal of Pharmacy Bioscience and Clinical Community

Analysis of Side Effects of Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Vaccine Booster Usage on Healthcare Workers

Handini Mulianti — 2023-10-31

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious condition caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This virus has undergone mutations, leading to new variants that have contributed to the increase in COVID-19 cases. Governments have initiated vaccination efforts as part of their strategies to curb the spread, particularly among healthcare workers. However, concerns have arisen regarding the occurrence of post-vaccination side effects. The objective of this study is to identify and categorize the side effects that arise after administering the COVID-19 (booster) vaccine, specifically the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine®. The study employs a cross-sectional approach, collecting data through interviews and questionnaire completion among medical staff at Puskesmas Santong in April 2023. The study's findings reveal that out of 69 respondents, 94.2% experienced side effects following vaccination, while 5.8% did not encounter any. The majority of these side effects fall into the "probable" category (69.6%) according to the Naranjo Scale Algorithm. Common systemic side effects include fever (60.9%), dizziness (43.5%), fatigue (33.3%), muscle aches (31.9%), joint pain (13%), chills (11.6%), headache (10.1%), nausea (4.3%), runny nose (1.4%), and sneezing (1.4%). Local side effects, such as injection site pain, were reported by 34.8% of the respondents. The majority of these side effects persisted for 2 days (42%).

The Effect of Different Drying Temperatures Using a Tray Dryer on the Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)

Susilawati Susilawati — 2023-10-31

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is a potential vegetable crop that has high economic value and has the potential to continue to be developed, but cayenne pepper is a type of fruit that is easily damaged, therefore proper post-harvest handling is needed, one of which is drying. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different drying temperatures on physical analysis (weight loss) and chemical analysis (moisture content, vitamin C and capsaicin content). The dryer used in this study was a tray dryer. The experimental design used was a one-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments. The temperatures used in this study were 40, 50, and 55°C. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the best decrease in weight loss in drying cayenne pepper was at 55°C with a decrease in weight loss of 62.67%. The best decrease in water content for drying cayenne pepper was at 55°C with a total moisture content of 50.3%. The best vitamin C content was found at 45°C, which was 0.65%, and the best capsaicin content for drying cayenne pepper was found at 45°C, which was 244.4702 ppm with an SHU level of 730.776.

Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) Using Antibiotic for Community Acquired Penumonia (CAP) Disease of Toddler

Fanny Dwi Febriyana — 2023-10-31

Pneumonia is an infection that causes inflammation of the lung tissue so that the lung sacs are filled with infectious agents and are the main cause of infant mortality in the world. The initial therapy for pneumonia is the use of antibiotics. Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to ADRs. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) often cause obstacles in the implementation of treatment. The purpose of this study was to see how ADRs influence the use of antibiotics on the clinical outcomes of pneumonia patients. The method analytic observational study using a cross-sectional design which is carried out prospectively, by collecting data on inpatients. Data were obtained from interviews with patients and/or patient families using the Naranjo questionnaire, as well as searches of patient medical records during the period January - March 2023. Analysis of ADRs on the use of antibiotics on outcomes was analyzed by the Likelihood ratio. This study was dominated by patients aged <2 years (61.5%) with improved outcomes (97.15%). The results obtained showed that there was no significant relationship between ADRs using antibiotics and patient outcomes with a p>0.05 (p=0.798). The conclusion of this study is that there is no effect of ADRs using antibiotics on patient outcomes.

The Effect of Variations in HPMC and Carbopol Bases on The Physical Stability of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Fruit Gel Formulations

Irman Idrus — 2023-10-31

Okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is a vegetable that is often used as medicine. Okra fruit contains flavonoids which are antioxidants. Gel formulation with a concentration of 5%, and various combinations of HPMC and carbopol bases. This research aims to determine the physical stability of gel preparations and the effect of variations in the concentration of gelling ingredients in the preparations. The gel formulation consists of 4 formulas, namely F0, F1, F2, and F3. Physical stability tests include organoleptic tests (odor, color and texture), homogeneity, pH, spreadability, stickiness, viscosity and synergy. Tests were carried out for 14 days of storage, namely on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 at room temperature (25℃). The observation results showed that in the organoleptic test there was no change in color, odor and texture in the gel preparation during 14 days of storage. The four gel formulas are homogeneous and there is no synergy. Variations in the combination of HPMC and carbopol bases affect the physical properties of the gel, including pH, viscosity, spreadability and adhesion. HPMC and Carbopol affect the pH of the preparation, the higher the Carbopol content and the lower the HPMC content, the more acidic it is. Carbopol and HPMC affect the values of spreadability, viscosity and adhesion because the higher the concentration of carbopol and HPMC produces a thick gel preparation so that the spreadability decreases, viscosity increases and adhesion also increases.

Analysis of Physical and Chemical Tests of Bidara Leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) Dried Using a Tray Dryer Machine with Different Temperatures

Al Fira Safitri — 2023-10-31

The Bidara plant (Ziziphus spina-christi L) is a kind of small evergreen tree. Bidara plants are easy to find in Indonesia, especially in Sumbawa Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. Bidara leaves have many pharmacological potentials, including antioxidants, antibacterial, antiparasitic and anti-cancer. Bidara leaves can be developed into efficacious herbal products. The drying process greatly affects the quality of bidara leaves. Temperature in the drying process is an important factor because it can affect the content of bioactive compounds in bidara leaves. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of drying temperature on physical and chemical properties. The dryer used in this drying is a tray dryer. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor. The temperatures used were 45, 50 and 55°C with a drying time of 3 hours. The results showed that the drying temperature affected the physical and chemical properties of bidara leaves. The best treatment for drying bidara leaves is drying at 55°C for a weight loss of 90.8%; water content 33.8% and temperature 45℃ for protein content 14.23%; Flavonoid content 11.71%.